大学考试|Nation 'can cope with downturn'

The fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain sound and the country can cope with the challenges posed by the worsening global financial crisis, central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan told legislators yesterday.

But we must not underestimate the impact on China's economy, he said while reporting to the fifth session of the Standing^{1 Committee of the National People's Congress .}

Despite the impact of the global financial crisis, Zhou said we should recognize that the overall economic condition is good, our financial institutions are generally strong, with increased profit making and risk-fending abilities, market liquidity^{2 on the whole is ample and our financial system is sound and safe.}

Moreover, continuing urbanization and industrialization, which generate huge investment demand, as well as the large domestic market and low-cosplayt labor^{3, mean the basic economic growth track will not deviate4 much, he said.}

Lin Yifu, senior vice-president and chief economist^{5 of the World Bank, also said the impact of the global financial crisis on China would be limited. In the era of globalization, no place is a safe haven6 but China's economic condition is one of the best compared with others, he said at Peking University on Saturday.}

China's GDP growth slowed to 9 percent in the third quarter from 10.1 percent in the second. As the global economy is expected to slow, China's growth may weaken further, although it may avoid a hard landing, economists^{7 said.}

At the NPC session yesterday, Wu Xiaoling, vice-chairwoman of the Financial and Economic Committee, sounded a cautionary note when responding to Zhou's report.

She warned that in the next two or three years, China could face more difficult times than during the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis.

Wu said the current situation is grimmer than a decade ago because the proportion of the country's exports to GDP is higher while the problem of overcapacity could lead to reduced investment in such sectors^{8 as steel and electricity generation.}

The real estate bubble has taken housing out of the reach of many while car sales meet the bottleneck^{9 of high oil prices and environmental constraints10, she said.}

It is challenging to boost economic growth by encouraging people to spend, she said. We should get prepared for difficulties.

The country has taken a slew^{11 of monetary12 and fiscal13 measures recently to boost growth, including two cuts in interest rates and banks' reserve requirement ratio, or proportion of money lenders must hold in reserve. Analysts14 said more policy relaxations15 could be in the offing if needed.}

If there are signs of further economic weakening and sapping investor^{16 confidence, policymakers may further cut interest rates or the bank reserve requirement, said Ma Ming, economist with the Beijing Institute of Technology.}

But Wu pointing out to lessons to be learned from the US economy - warned that in the long term, it is not advisable to keep money cosplayts low to stimulate^{17 the economy. Economists agree that low interest rates in the US during the past decade have sown the seeds for today's financial crisis.}

Zhou also said that inflation could rebound^{18 in the coming months and the central bank would keep a close eye on consumer prices. In September, inflation eased to 4.6 percent from a peak of 8.7 percent in February.
Questions:}

1. How did Lin Yifu, senior vice-president and chief economist of the World Bank describe the impact of the global financial crisis on China?

2. What does Wu Xiaoling say is a major challenge for China?

3. Describe one lesson Wu says China has learned from the US economy.

Answers:

1. It is limited.

2. To encourage people to spendas heads of the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, UN and the Financial Stability Forum^19.

3. That in the long term, it is not advisable to keep interest rates low to stimulate the economy.