备考英语四级阅读，重点应放在提升阅读速度和理解文章主旨上。多做训练，熟知容易见到题型和方法，能够帮助应付考试挑战。新东方在线记者为大伙整理了“2024下半年英语四级阅读理解甄选训练（2）”，期望能为大伙带来帮助。
2024下半年英语四级阅读理解甄选训练（2）
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Addicted, Really?
A. Mental-health specialists disagree over whether to classify compulsive online behaviour as addiction---and how to treat it. Craig Smallwood, a disabled American war veteran, spent more than 20,000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called "Lineage II". When NCsoft, the South Korean firm behind the game, accused him of breaking the games rules and banned him, he was plunged into depression, severe paranoia and hallucinations . He spent three weeks in hospital. After that, he sued NCsoft for fraud and negligence , demanding over $ 9m in damages and claiming that the company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become "addicted" to the game.
B. But does it make sense to talk of addiction to online activity? Mental-health specialists say three online behaviors can become problematic for many people: video games, pornography and messaging via e-mail and social networks. But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called "Internet addiction"--or how to treat it.
C. Some mental-health specialists wanted "Internet addiction" to be included in the fifth version of psychiatrys bible, the"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders", known as DSM-V, which is currently being overhauled . The American Medical Association endorsed the idea in 2007, only to backtrack days later. The American Journal of Psychiatry called Internet addiction a "common disorder" and supported its recognition. Last year the DSM-V drafting group made its decision: lnteruet addiction would not be included as a "behavioral addiction"--only gambling made the cut--but it said further study was necessary.
D. Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet. Back in 2000, Joseph Walther, a communications professor at Michigan State University, co-wrote an article in which he suggested, tongue in cheek, that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were "addicted" to academia . He argued that other factors, such as depression, are the real problem.
He stands by that view today. "No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that lnternet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue," he says. "Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction, rather than looking for underlying clinical issues, is definitely unwise."
E. Others disagree. "That would be wrong," says Kimberly Young, a researcher and therapist who has worked on Interact addiction since 1994. She insists that the Internet, with its powerfully immersive environments, creates new problems that people must learn to navigate. Otherwise, the changing lifestyle will affect the development of the society.
F.No one disputes that online habits can turn toxic. Take South Korea, where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student plays video games for 23 hours each week. In 2007 the government estimated that around 210,000 children needed treatment for Internet addiction. In 2010 newspapers around the globe carried the story of a South Korean couple who fed their infant daughter so little that she starved to death. Instead of caring for the child, the couple spent most nights at an Internet cafe, sinking hours into a role- playing game in which they raised, fed and cared for a virtual daughter. And several South Korean men have died from exhaustion after marathon, multi-day gaming sessions.
G. The South Korean government has since asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew for children, to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 a.m. At the same time, it has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an "Internet rescue camp" for serious cases.
H. But compulsive behaviour is not limited to garners. E-mail or web-use behaviours can also show signs of addiction. Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters. A deluge of self-help books, most recently "Alone Together" by Sherry Turlde, a social scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, offer advice on how to unplug .
I.Pornography is hardly new, either, but the Internet makes accessing it much easier than ever before. When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband, whether it is a game world, an e-mail inbox or pornographic material, it is harder to resist. New services lead to new complaints. When online auction sites first became popular, talk of "eBay addiction" soon followed. Dr. Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebook--or even to "FarmVille", a game playable only within Facebook.
J.Treatment centres have popped up around the world with the popularity of online games. In 2006 Amsterdams Smith ">K. Yet many people like feeling permanently connected. As Arikia Millikan, an American blogger, once put it, "If I could be jacked in at every waking hour of the day, I would, and I think a lot of my peers would do the, same." Bob LaRose, an Internet specialist at Michigan State University, doesnt believe her. In his research on college students, he found that most sense when they are "going overboard and restore self-control". Less than1% have a pathological problem, he adds. For most people, Internet use "is just a habit--and one that brings us pleasure."
46. According to Joseph Walther, it is unwise to emphasize the treatment of Internet addiction instead of seeking for potential clinical issues.
47. As online games become popular, treatment centres have sprung up all over the world.
48. After playing online games continuously for days, several South Korean men were exhausted to death.
49. Smallwood sued NCsoft and claimed a huge compensation for fraud and its negligence of warning him of the danger of game addiction.
50. In South Korea, a gaming curfew for children was adopted to prevent children playing after midnight.
5l. Internet addiction still needs to be further studied though the DSM-V did not categorize it as a "behavioral addiction".
52. An lnternet specialist found that most college students could realize when they are going too far and restore self-control.
53. According to mental-health specialists, for many people, video games, pornography and messaging via e-mail and social networks can become problematic online behaviors.
54. People regard it as a small miracle if nobody takes out a phone to read the messages at a business lunch.
55. Kimberly Young insists that people must learn to deal with new problems brought about by the Interact.
真的是“上瘾”吗
A.强迫性的上网行为是不是是成瘾行为，又该怎么样治疗，心理健康专家对此建议不一。Craig Smallwood是美国的一位伤残退伍军人。五年间，他花了两万多小时玩一个名为“天堂Ⅱ”的在线角色饰演类游戏。当该游戏的开发商，韩国NCsoft公司指责Craig违反游戏规则，并将他的游戏账号封停时，他忽然陷入抑郁及紧急的偏执和幻想之中。[49]他到医院同意了三周的治疗。在这之后，smanwood以欺诈和过失为由控告Ncsoft公司，声称该公司没告诫他该游戏的“上网成瘾”风险，需要获得900多万USD的赔偿金。
B.但上网是不是是一种成瘾的行为呢?[53]心理健康专家觉得有三种互联网行为对不少人来讲可能是问题性的：玩电子游戏、浏览色情作品与通过邮件和社交互联网收发信息。然而，关于这类互联网行为是不是能被叫做“上网成瘾”，又该怎么样治疗，专家们远未达成一致。
C.一些心理健康专家期望将“上网成瘾”列入新近正在全方位修订的第五版精神病学的圣经——《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》中。2007年，美国医掌握曾一度赞成这一想法，但数天之后却改变了态度。《美国精神病学杂志》将上网成瘾称作一种“容易见到疾病”，并倡导予以认定。[51]去年，第五版《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》编撰小塑决定，上网成瘾将不会被划入“行为成瘾”范畴——只有赌博行为被划入此列—二但有必要对上网成瘾进一步展开研究。
D.持怀疑态度的人觉得，网络并没叫人上瘾的特质。早在2000年，美国密歇根州立大学传播学教授Joseph Walther就曾在与别人合作的一篇文章中颇具讽刺性地写道，用来评价某人是“互联网狂”的那个标准可能也显示了大部分的教授都是“学术狂”。Walther教授觉得，诸如抑郁等其他原因才是真的的问题所在。他到今天仍坚持这种看法。他说：“尚无科学依据证实上网成瘾是因为用网络，而不是由其他原因导致的。[46]假如只不过关注和治疗网络成瘾，而不去探寻潜藏的临床问题，这肯定是不明智的。”
E.也有人反对这种说法。自1994年便开始研究上网成瘾的研究员、心理治疗师KimbertyYoung表示：“那种说法可能有误。”[55]Young强调，网络环境具备强大的吸引力，大家需要掌握应付由其引发的新问题。不然，不断变化的生活方法将会干扰社会的进步。
F.无人质疑习惯性上网会对人有害。以韩国为例，宽带的普及致使韩国的高中生平均每周玩23个小时的电子游戏。2007年，韩国政府估计有近21万的儿童需要同意戒除网瘾。2010年全球的报纸都报道了一则新闻，即一对韩国夫妻因喂养不足致使女宝宝被饿死。这对夫妻不照顾日常的亲生女孩，却大部分夜晚都泡在网咖里，沉浸在一个在线喂养和照顾虚拟女儿的角色饰演游戏中。[48]另外，还有几名韩国男士多日持续沉浸于网游，因疲劳过度而死亡。
G.[50]此后，韩国政府需要游戏开发商对儿童采取网络游戏宵禁，禁止他们在午夜到早晨8点之间打游戏。同时，政府还开设了100家戒除网瘾诊所，并资助了针对紧急病例开办的“上网成瘾拯救营”。
H.但强迫性上网行为并不只局限于网络游戏玩家。用邮件和浏览网页也会表现出上瘾的征兆。[54]假如在一次商业午餐中，无人拿出手机查询信息，那样在很多人看来这都算是个小小的奇迹。目前有很多“自救”书本，比如美国麻省理工学院的社会学家Sherry Turkle近期就出版了一本新书《一块孤独》，书中为怎么样摆脱上网成瘾提供了建议。
I.色情作品由来已久，但互联网叫人们比以往更容易接触到色情资源。无论是游戏还是邮件，或是色情资源，只须是可以通过宽带互联网立刻获得的东西，大家就非常难抵挡其魅惑。新型服务会滋生新的问题。自网上拍卖网站开始时尚后，不久“eBay上瘾”的说法就随之而来。Young大夫表示，目前有不少女人向她诉苦，由于Facebook或只能在Facebook上玩的“高兴农场”游戏让她们很上瘾。
J.[47]堕着网游的时尚，治疗中心在全球如雨后春笋般出现。2006年，坐落于阿姆斯特丹的史密斯与琼斯治疗中心成立，并自称为“现在世界上第1家、也是唯1一家寄宿式电子游戏成瘾治疗中心”。美国reSTART上网成瘾康复项目声称能网瘾戒除、游戏成瘾，甚至还有“短信瘾”。在中国，军事化管理的“练习营”成为了网瘾戒除的主要方法。
K.然而很多人喜欢维持在线的感觉。美国的一位博主ArikiaMillikan过去说过：“假如可以的话，我想在我醒着的时时刻刻都在线，我相信我的不少同龄人也会这么做。”然而，美国密歇根州立大学的网络专家BobLaRose对此表示怀疑。[52]在他对大学生展开的一项研究中，LaRose发现他们中的大部分人一旦感觉自己玩得太过火，就会恢复自控。LaRose还表示，只有不到1%的人会出现病态问题。对于大多数人来讲，用互联网“只不过一种习惯——并且是一种可以带来开心的习惯”。
46.D
分析：题干意为，依据JosephWalther所说，只关注对网络成瘾的治疗，而不探寻其潜在的临床问题，这是不明智的。注意抓住题干中的重点信息Joseph Walther、unwise、instead of和potential clinicalissues，文中论及JosephWalther教授看法的内容出目前D段，该段倒数第二句提到，Walther教授觉得尚无科学依据证实上网成瘾是因为用网络，而不是由其他原因导致的。该段最后一句则提到，Walther教授觉得，假如只不过关注和治疗网络成瘾，而不去探寻潜藏的临床问题，这肯定是不明智的。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为D。
47.J
分析：题干意为，伴随网游变得时尚，治疗中心在全球各地不断涌现。注意抓住题干中的重点信息online games、popular和treatment centres。文中论及全球涌现治疗中心的内容出目前J段，该段首句提到，伴随网游的时尚，治疗中心在全球如雨后春笋般出现。其中，题干中的spring up对应原文中的popup，由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为J。
48.F
分析：题干意为，在数日不间断地玩网游之后，几名韩国男士因精疲力竭而死。注意抓住题干中的重点信息several South Korean men和exhausted。文中论及韩国人遭到上网成瘾风险的内容出目前F段，该段第1句提到大家一致觉得网络成瘾对人有害。该段最后一句则提到了几名韩国男士多日持续沉浸于网游，因疲劳过度而死亡的例子。由此可知，题于是对原文的同义转述，故答案为F。
49.A
分析：题干意为，Smallwood以欺诈和疏于告知其可能玩游戏上瘾的罪名控告NCsoft公司，并索取巨额的赔偿。注意抓住题干中的重点信息Smallwood、NCsoft和fraudanditsnegligence。文中论及Smallwood的内容出目前A段，该段提到，Craig SmMlwood因违反游戏规则，被游戏开发商韩国NCsoft公司封停了游戏账号，为此他极度抑郁，并陷入紧急的偏执和幻想中。该段最后一句提到，Smallwoo以欺诈和过失为由控告NCsoft公司，声称该公司没告诫他该游戏的“上网成瘾”风险，需要获得900多万USD的赔偿金。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为A。
50.G
分析：题干意为，在韩国实行了网络游戏宵禁，以阻止儿童在午夜之后继续玩网游。注意抓住题干中的重点信息SouthKorea和gaming curfew。文中论及韩国实行网络游戏宵禁的内容出目前G段，该段第1句提到，韩国政府需要游戏开发商对儿童采取网络游戏宵禁，禁止他们在午夜到早晨8点之间打游戏。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为G。
51.C
分析：题干意为，尽管第五版的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》没将上网成瘾归为“行为成瘾”，但这种现象仍然需要进一步研究。注意抓住题干中的重点信息lntemet addiction、further studied和behavioraladdiction。文中论及第五版的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》怎么样界定上网成瘾的内容出目前c段。该段最后一句提到，去年，第五版《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》编撰小组决定，上网成瘾将不会被划入“行为成瘾”范畴——只有赌博行为被划入此列——但有必要对上网成瘾进一步展开研究。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为C。
52.K
分析：题干意为，一位网络专家发现大部分学生在乎识到自己玩得太过火后，就会恢复自控。注意抓住题干中的重点信息college students和restore self-control。文中论及大学生可以自控上网行为的内容出目前K段，该段第四句提到，在对大学生展开的一项研究中，BobLaRose发现他们中的大部分人一旦感觉自己玩得太过火，就会恢复自控。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为K。
53.B
分析：题干意为，依据心理健康专家所说，对于不少人来讲，玩电子游戏、浏览色情作品与通过邮件和社会互联网收发信息这三种互联网行为或许会成为问题。注意抓住题干中的重点信息mental-healthspecialists、video games、pornography and messagin9和problematic。文中论及这一事实的内容出目前B段，该段第二句提到，心理健康专家觉得有三种互联网行为对不少人来讲可能是问题性的：玩电子游戏、浏览色情作品与通过邮件和社交互联网收发信息。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为B。
54.H
分析：题干意为，在很多人看来，假如在一次商业午餐中，无人拿出手机查询信息，那这真的是一个小的奇迹。注意抓住题干中的重点信息miracle、a phone和a business lunch。文中论及商业午餐的内容出目前H段。该段第三句提到，假如在一次商业午餐中，无人拿出手机查询信息，那样在很多人看来这都算是个小小的奇迹。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为H。
55.E
分析：题干意为，KimbedyYoung强调大家需要掌握应付网络引发的新问题。注意抓住题干中的重点信息Kimberly Young insists、new problems和the Intemet。文中论及Kimberly Young有关看法的内容出目前E段，该段第三句提到，Youn9强调，网络环境具备强大的吸引力，大家需要掌握应付由其引发的新问题。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为E。
以上就是新东方在线记者为大伙收拾的“2024下半年英语四级阅读理解甄选训练（2）”全部内容啦，预祝各位小伙伴顺利通过四级考试!
