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关于if条件句中will和would表意愿有什么区别

来源:www.keyingsu.com 2025-01-18

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老师你好,我在章振邦先生的语法书中看到这么一张,if条件分句中will和would表意愿,我有以下几个方面疑问:

1. 在will表意愿中条件分句中,为何主句用的是will和shall,而不像would表意愿的条件分句中,主句可以用will,shall,would,should ,could ,might

2. would表意愿的条件分句与will表意愿的条件分句有什么区别,是否would表意愿条件分句表客气的请求,而will表意愿的条件分句表示对if条件句中主语意愿的假设

3.would表意愿的条件分句中的用will shall与would shouldcould might有什么区别是不是在于前者说话人感觉条件句发生的概率大,后者感觉条件句发生的概率小。假如可以这么讲解的话,那样will表意愿的条件分句,不是一样可以按发生概率大小用will shall  或would shouldcould might吗?

有点时间,我回答一下吧!

这是一个好问题!你提的三个问题我觉得是一个问题,可以一并作答。

真实条件句的种类有6种,交代一下背景,以便与非真实条件句分开。

will表“意愿”的条件分句中,主句用的是will和shall(I和We作主语),其实这就是是大家常说的Type 1真实条件句,也叫开放条件句。

If you will wait a moment, I'll see if Mr.Jones is free.

I shall be grateful if you will replypromptly.

If you will let me have this report backwhen you next come in, I shall be grateful.

如此的例子不少:从句是首要条件,说话人觉得首要条件非常大或许会达成,主句就会发生,不然不会发生。

 

Would表“意愿”的条件分句中,状况有不同,主句除去可以用will外,还可以用would,should ,could ,might。如此的表述方法一般都比较委婉和礼貌,多用在口语中,譬如:

I would/should be very grateful if youwould …

I would appreciate it if you would …

 

I should be very grateful if you would letme know if you have any vacancies.

If you would accept a compromise, we couldend this disagreement now.

If you would just wait here for a moment,I'll see if she's free.

If you would take a seat for a moment, I'll see if Mr Turner is in.

If you would all follow me, I'll show you to your rooms.

If you would like to come I will get a ticket for you.

If you would write me a letter about it , Iwill attend to it at once.

If you would write me a letter about it , Iwould/should be most grateful.

You might do me a great favour if youwould......

 

“爱学习的小明 ”网友提出的问题是说,为什么will表示“意愿”却不可以像would表示“意愿”那样在主句中用would/should /could/might,我感觉最可能的讲解是would表示意愿的委婉和礼貌使用方法事实上在非常早以前的语法书上被觉得是虚拟语气,而will表示意愿的使用方法是陈述语气,不可以瞎用。

I shall do this, if you will let me.    (陈述语气)

I should do this, if you would let me.

如此看的话就好理解不少了:

I shall be grateful if you would replypromptly.  (错误)

I shall be grateful if you will replypromptly.     (正确)

I should be grateful if you would replypromptly.  (正确)

(引自A Dictionary of Good English A Guide to Current Usage,P105)

 

注意一下,你看的那本章振邦的书我没,我看的是“新编高级英语语法”这本,你的那本可能是有点旧了,在我看的这本书上章振邦觉得你提出的这个使用方法是真实条件句的其中一类,而且跟你看的书上有的不同,你的那本书上说:从句用表意愿的would,主句可以用will/shall,我感觉不对,我觉得:主句可以用will/would/should /could/might,不可以用shall(与人称无关),且用might极少见。

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