在上一讲中大家谈的话题是：globalisation－经济的全球化。
澳大利亚墨尔本莫纳什大学的市场学系主任菲茨罗伊教授介绍说，通讯和交通运输成本的减少是促进经济全球化进程的两个原因。
下面菲茨罗伊教授介绍说，生产规模的扩大和客户品味趋于一致也是推进经济全球化是什么原因。他在谈话中用了如此一些词语：
1 economies of scale 规模经济2 homogeneity 同种，同一3 cater1 to the need of 迎合的需要4 barrier 障碍5 gatt 关税及贸易总协定 general agreement on tariffs2 and trade 的缩写6 world trade organisation3 世界贸易组织，简称wto 7 trade liberalisation 贸易自由化
目前大家听一遍菲茨罗伊教授的这段谈话：
it is true in lots of industries, large plants can make goods much cheaper than small plants. and in some industries we can see a movement towards increasing economies of scale. in other words, the minimum size of plant or the most economic size of plant is getting larger and larger.
another necessary condition for globalisation is the increasing homogeneity of consumer tastes. there are an increasing number of consumers in brazil; who have almost precisely4 the same set of needs and requirements as consumers in germany. so consequently it becomes easier for a producer to try to cater to the needs of both markets, because the market differences have now really diminished to a point where they virtually don't exist.
another explanation for globalisation is the behaviour of governments. historically, there have been barriers to trade that have been put up by governments. particularly since the second world war, inter-government bodies such as the gatt and the world trade organisation have really encouraged governments to liberalise trade, which means to remove political barriers, so that trade liberalisation has been again an important necessary condition for globalisation.
下面大家分段听一遍菲茨罗伊教授的谈话和中文翻译：（英文略）
的确在不少行业中，大工厂可以以比小工厂低得多的本钱生产商品。在有的行业中大家可以看到规 模 经 济不断增加的趋势。换句话说，就是工厂的最小规模或者说工厂的最经济的规模变得愈加大。
全球化的另一必要条件是客户的品味日益趋于一致。在巴西有越来多的客户，他们的需要和需要与德国客户的几乎完全一样。这种趋势使生产者能更容易地迎合两个市场的需要，由于市场的差别目前事实上已缩小到几乎没有的程度。
促进全球化的另一缘由是政府的行为。历史上各国政府曾设置贸易障碍。但从二次大战以来，各种政府间的组织如关税及贸易总协定和世界贸易组织事实上一直鼓励各国政府允许贸易自由化，也就是消除政治障碍。因此贸易自由化也是经济全球化的一个必要的条件。
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