英语和汉语语言结构和表达习惯有不少差异之处,翻译时不可以按原文逐词逐句死译。现介绍形容词的转译现象。
在不少状况下,将英语的形容词十名词短语译成汉语的主谓结构,译文看上去顺口。如:
She spoke1 in a high voice.她讲话的声音非常尖。
This engine develops a high torque.这台发电机产生的转矩非常大。
英语中一些表示知觉,情感,欲望等心理状况的形容词同连系动词构成复合谓语时,翻译时可将形容词译成动词:
You are ignorant of the duties you undertake in marrying.
你完全不懂你在婚姻方面应承担的责任。
The following plan may become available during the next decade.
下列计划在10年间可能达成。
Such criticisms have become familiar in his later commentaries on America.
类似的批评在他后来写的评论美国的文章中数见不鲜。
He is truly sorry for his past,and he has undertaken to give up motor-cars
entirely and for ever.
他对过去追悔莫及,并保证永远不开汽车。
Salt and Sugar are both soluble2 in water.盐和糖都溶于水。
为了便于表达,一些英语词可译为汉语名词。比如:
Contamination leads to lower yield.污染致使低产。
After a few months,our just-in-time system became so efficient.
几个月后,大家的按时供货方法变得非常有效果。
I wish he was blind.我期望他是个瞎子。
因为语言习惯不同,英语里的形容词有时译成汉语副词:
He asked me for a full account of myself and family.
他详尽地问起我一个人和我家的状况。
Another war will be the absolute end of our country.
再来一次战争大家空虚国家就会彻底毁灭了。